What should be paid attention to when starting the diesel generator set?
2022-03-04
Before starting the diesel generator set, we should first check whether all switches and corresponding conditions of the unit are ready, and start the unit when the conditions are feasible. In case of the following 9 situations, we don't have to start the unit. Only by treating the unit carefully and keeping it in a "healthy" state can we improve its work efficiency and prolong its service life.
Problems that should be paid attention to when starting the generator set:
1、 Do not add water to the cooling water tank or no water after starting
Adding cooling water after starting the diesel engine will cause the hot cylinder liner, cylinder head and other important parts to burst or deform due to sudden cooling. Similarly, if 100 ℃ boiling water is suddenly added to the cold body, it will also crack the cylinder head and body. The correct method is: before starting the diesel engine, you must first add cooling water, add warm water of about 60 ℃ into the diesel engine for preheating, and then start it.
2、 Do not supply oil according to regulations
We should not put the pressure reducing handle in the "working" position before oil supply when or after starting the diesel engine. We should put the throttle handle in the oil supply position before starting the diesel engine. The harm of not operating according to this regulation is: when starting the diesel engine, if we first increase the throttle oil supply, it will cause a waste of fuel, and the excess diesel will wash the cylinder wall, worsen the lubrication between the piston, piston ring and cylinder liner and aggravate the wear, and the residual oil flowing into the oil pan will dilute the engine oil and reduce the lubrication effect, Carbon deposition will be formed due to incomplete combustion of too much diesel in the cylinder.
The correct method is: first preheat the engine, then supply oil through the filler valve, and then start it.
3、 Avoid pulling and starting
When the diesel engine is pulled down and started when the cold engine oil is viscous, the wear between moving parts will be intensified, which will reduce the service life of the diesel engine.
4、 Do not change lubricating oil and fuel oil on schedule
The temperature in winter and summer is different, and the oil used is also different. In the high temperature area in summer, if the lubricating oil with good high temperature resistance index (such as 40, 50, 60, etc.) is not replaced, the antioxidant stability of the lubricating oil will deteriorate, aggravate its thermal decomposition, oxidation and polymerization, and it is easy to deteriorate. At the same time, the viscosity of lubricating oil will decrease with the increase of temperature, which is easy to cause too fast consumption of lubricating oil; In winter, if the lubricating oil with low viscosity and diesel with low freezing point are not replaced in time, the internal resistance of diesel engine is large, so it is difficult to start, and the wear of moving parts will be accelerated at the same time.
5、 Avoid baking with open fire
In order to prevent fire, slow fire or coal fire shall be used. The oil pan of the diesel engine must be baked at a certain distance (30cm away), and the oil shaft must be slowly rotated to allow the oil to be evenly heated and lubricate all parts. If the ignition is started at the intake pipe of the diesel engine, the ash and hard sundries produced by material combustion will be sucked into the cylinder, resulting in lax closing of the intake and exhaust valves and accelerating the wear of the cylinder.
6、 Avoid using the glow plug for a long time
The heating elements of the flame preheater are electric heating wires, which consume a lot of power and heat. If used for a long time, the battery can be damaged due to rapid discharge, and the electric heating wires can also be burned out. Therefore, the continuous use time of the glow plug shall not exceed one minute, and the continuous use time of the flame preheater should be controlled within 20 seconds.
7、 Do not directly add oil to the cylinder
Adding engine oil into the cylinder can play the role of sealing, pressurization and temperature increase, which is convenient for the cold start of the diesel engine, but the engine oil can not burn completely, which is easy to produce carbon deposition, weakening the elasticity of the piston ring and reducing the sealing performance of the cylinder. In addition, it will also accelerate the wear of the cylinder liner, resulting in the reduction of the power of the diesel engine, making it more difficult to start, so the oil cannot be directly added to the cylinder.
8、 Avoid continuous startup for a long time
The engine on the diesel engine works under the condition of low voltage and high current, and the battery will be damaged if it is used for a long time. The continuous start-up time shall not exceed 5 seconds. If the start-up fails once, it can be started again after 15 seconds.
9、 Avoid running at high speed as soon as it is started
After the cold start of the diesel engine, because it is in the cold state, the oil viscosity is high and the flow resistance is also large, which makes the time lag for the oil to enter the friction pair, and all parts of the diesel engine are not fully lubricated, resulting in poor lubrication and damage of the gears and bearings of the diesel engine. At the same time, it also intensifies the wear of the steam cylinder and bearing bush, and in serious cases, Bush burning and shaft holding will occur.
Problems that should be paid attention to when starting the generator set:
1、 Do not add water to the cooling water tank or no water after starting
Adding cooling water after starting the diesel engine will cause the hot cylinder liner, cylinder head and other important parts to burst or deform due to sudden cooling. Similarly, if 100 ℃ boiling water is suddenly added to the cold body, it will also crack the cylinder head and body. The correct method is: before starting the diesel engine, you must first add cooling water, add warm water of about 60 ℃ into the diesel engine for preheating, and then start it.
2、 Do not supply oil according to regulations
We should not put the pressure reducing handle in the "working" position before oil supply when or after starting the diesel engine. We should put the throttle handle in the oil supply position before starting the diesel engine. The harm of not operating according to this regulation is: when starting the diesel engine, if we first increase the throttle oil supply, it will cause a waste of fuel, and the excess diesel will wash the cylinder wall, worsen the lubrication between the piston, piston ring and cylinder liner and aggravate the wear, and the residual oil flowing into the oil pan will dilute the engine oil and reduce the lubrication effect, Carbon deposition will be formed due to incomplete combustion of too much diesel in the cylinder.
The correct method is: first preheat the engine, then supply oil through the filler valve, and then start it.
3、 Avoid pulling and starting
When the diesel engine is pulled down and started when the cold engine oil is viscous, the wear between moving parts will be intensified, which will reduce the service life of the diesel engine.
4、 Do not change lubricating oil and fuel oil on schedule
The temperature in winter and summer is different, and the oil used is also different. In the high temperature area in summer, if the lubricating oil with good high temperature resistance index (such as 40, 50, 60, etc.) is not replaced, the antioxidant stability of the lubricating oil will deteriorate, aggravate its thermal decomposition, oxidation and polymerization, and it is easy to deteriorate. At the same time, the viscosity of lubricating oil will decrease with the increase of temperature, which is easy to cause too fast consumption of lubricating oil; In winter, if the lubricating oil with low viscosity and diesel with low freezing point are not replaced in time, the internal resistance of diesel engine is large, so it is difficult to start, and the wear of moving parts will be accelerated at the same time.
5、 Avoid baking with open fire
In order to prevent fire, slow fire or coal fire shall be used. The oil pan of the diesel engine must be baked at a certain distance (30cm away), and the oil shaft must be slowly rotated to allow the oil to be evenly heated and lubricate all parts. If the ignition is started at the intake pipe of the diesel engine, the ash and hard sundries produced by material combustion will be sucked into the cylinder, resulting in lax closing of the intake and exhaust valves and accelerating the wear of the cylinder.
6、 Avoid using the glow plug for a long time
The heating elements of the flame preheater are electric heating wires, which consume a lot of power and heat. If used for a long time, the battery can be damaged due to rapid discharge, and the electric heating wires can also be burned out. Therefore, the continuous use time of the glow plug shall not exceed one minute, and the continuous use time of the flame preheater should be controlled within 20 seconds.
7、 Do not directly add oil to the cylinder
Adding engine oil into the cylinder can play the role of sealing, pressurization and temperature increase, which is convenient for the cold start of the diesel engine, but the engine oil can not burn completely, which is easy to produce carbon deposition, weakening the elasticity of the piston ring and reducing the sealing performance of the cylinder. In addition, it will also accelerate the wear of the cylinder liner, resulting in the reduction of the power of the diesel engine, making it more difficult to start, so the oil cannot be directly added to the cylinder.
8、 Avoid continuous startup for a long time
The engine on the diesel engine works under the condition of low voltage and high current, and the battery will be damaged if it is used for a long time. The continuous start-up time shall not exceed 5 seconds. If the start-up fails once, it can be started again after 15 seconds.
9、 Avoid running at high speed as soon as it is started
After the cold start of the diesel engine, because it is in the cold state, the oil viscosity is high and the flow resistance is also large, which makes the time lag for the oil to enter the friction pair, and all parts of the diesel engine are not fully lubricated, resulting in poor lubrication and damage of the gears and bearings of the diesel engine. At the same time, it also intensifies the wear of the steam cylinder and bearing bush, and in serious cases, Bush burning and shaft holding will occur.